Wiktionary - Recent changes [en]: absolute

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absolute Dec 23rd 2012, 07:38 reorder, reworded def's added defdates ← Older revision Revision as of 07:38, 23 December 2012 Line 20: Line 20:   {{en-adj|'''more absolute''' or (''rarely'') [[absoluter]]|'''most absolute''' or (''rarely'') [[absolutest]]}}   {{en-adj|'''more absolute''' or (''rarely'') [[absoluter]]|'''most absolute''' or (''rarely'') [[absolutest]]}}     − # {{obsolete}} [[absolve|Absolved]]; free. + # {{obsolete}} [[absolve|Absolved]]; free. {{defdate|Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 17<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED>{{reference-book | last =| first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | editor =Brown, Lesley | others = | title = The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary | origdate = | origyear = 1933| origmonth = | url = | format = | accessdate = | accessyear = | accessmonth = | edition = 5th | date = | year =2003| month = | publisher =Oxford University Press | location =Oxford, UK | language = | id = | doi = | isbn =978-0-19-860575-7 | lccn = | ol = | pages =9| chapter = | chapterurl = | quote =}}</ref> − # [[complete|Complete]] in [[itself]]; [[perfect]]; [[consummate]]; [[faultless]]. + # {{obsolete}} Disengaged from accidental circumstances. {{defdate|Attested from around 1350 until 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + # {{archaic}} [[complete|Complete]] in [[itself]]; [[perfect]]; [[consummate]]; [[faultless]]; finished. {{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   #* {{rfdate}} [[w:John Milton|John Milton]]:   #* {{rfdate}} [[w:John Milton|John Milton]]:   #*: So '''absolute''' she seems, And in herself complete.   #*: So '''absolute''' she seems, And in herself complete. − # [[outright|Outright]]; [[unmitigated]]; pure; [[unmixed]]; as, ''absolute'' alcohol. + # {{context|grammar}} Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; as{{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + ## {{context|of a case form}} syntactically connected to the rest of the sentence in an [[atypical]] manner; [[ablative absolute]]; [[nominative absolute]]; [[genitive absolute]]; [[accusative absolute]].{{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + ## standing by itself in a loose syntactical connection, and qualifying the sentence as a whole rather than any single word in it. {{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + ##: Anyhow in 'anyhow, I made it home' is an '''absolute'''.   + ## {{context|adjective|possessive pronoun}} lacking a modified [[substantive]]; ie. hungry in 'Feed the hungry.'{{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + ## {{context|comparative|superlative}} expressing a relative term without a definite comparison. ie older in 'An older person should be treated with respect.'{{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + ## {{context|transitive}} having no [[direct object]]. ie. Kill in 'If looks could kill...'{{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + ## {{context|Irish|Welsh}} an [[inflected]] verb that is not preceded by any number of [[article]]s or compounded with a [[preverb]].{{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + # {{obsolete}} Absorbed in, as an occupation.{{defdate|Attested in the late 15<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + # Unrestricted; in sole control; possessing absolute power; independent, as in ownership or authority.{{defdate|First attested in the late 15<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + # Pure; mere; unadulerated; [[unmixed]]; as, ''absolute'' alcohol.{{defdate|First attested in the mid 16<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/>   #: When caught, he told an '''absolute''' lie.   #: When caught, he told an '''absolute''' lie. − # Free from restraint and control by either government or authoritative agent as; + # {{figurative}} Complete; [[utter]]; outright; [[unmitigated]]; entire; total; not qualified or diminished in any way; unrestricted; without limitation.{{defdate|First attested in the late 16<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/>   + # Unconditional; free from restraint and control as in powers or rights;{{defdate|First attested in the mid 16<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/>   #* '''1962''', Hannah Arendt, ''On Revolution'', (1990), page 155:   #* '''1962''', Hannah Arendt, ''On Revolution'', (1990), page 155:   #*: {{...}} the more '''absolute''' the ruler, the more '''absolute''' the revolution will be which replaces him.   #*: {{...}} the more '''absolute''' the ruler, the more '''absolute''' the revolution will be which replaces him. − ## having [[supreme]] power, without limits set by a constitution or other means. + ## having [[supreme]] power, without limits set by a constitution, parliament, or other means.{{defdate|First attested in the mid 16<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − ## marked by extreme concentration of complete power. + ## proceeding from or characteristic of an absolute ruler.{{defdate|First attested in the mid 16<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − ## proceeding from or characteristic of an absolute ruler. + ## [[absolutist|Absolutist]]; arbitrary; [[despotic]].{{defdate|First attested in the mid 16<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − ## possessing total power, and control, as in the captain of a ship. + # Real; actual.{{defdate|First attested in the early 17<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − ## [[absolutist|Absolutist]]. + # {{context|archaic}} Certain; free from doubt or uncertainty, as a person or prediction.{{defdate|First attested in the early 17<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − # {{context|grammar}} Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence; as   − ## {{context|of a case form}} syntactically connected to the rest of the sentence in an [[atypical]] manner; [[ablative absolute]]; [[nominative absolute]]; [[genitive absolute]]; [[accusative absolute]].   − ## standing by itself in a loose syntactical connection, and qualifying the sentence as a whole rather than any single word in it.   − ##: Anyhow in 'anyhow, I made it home' is an '''absolute'''.   − ## {{context|adjective|possessive pronoun}} lacking a modified [[substantive]]; ie. hungry in 'Feed the hungry.'   − ## {{context|comparative|superlative}} expressing a relative term without a definite comparison. ie older in 'An older person should be treated with respect.'   − ## {{context|transitive}} having no [[direct object]]. ie. Kill in 'If looks could kill...'   − ## {{context|Irish|Welsh}} an [[inflected]] verb that is not preceded by any number of [[article]]s or compounded with a [[preverb]].   − # Free from conditional limitations; operating or existing in full under all circumstances without variation; [[complete]].   − # {{context|obsolete}} Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful.     #* {{rfdate}} {{w|William Shakespeare}}, ''Cymbeline'', Act 4, Scene 2:   #* {{rfdate}} {{w|William Shakespeare}}, ''Cymbeline'', Act 4, Scene 2:   #*: I am '''absolute''' 't was very Cloten.   #*: I am '''absolute''' 't was very Cloten. − # {{context|rare}} [[authoritative|Authoritative]]; [[peremptory]]; allowing no contradiction; [[positive]]; unquestionable. + # Positive; unquestionable; [[peremptory]].{{defdate|First attested in the early 17<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − # Independent of arbitrary units of measurement; having reference to or derived from the simplest manner from the fundamental units of mass, time, and length; relating to the absolute temperature scale. + # Free from conditional limitations; operating or existing in full under all circumstances without variation.{{defdate|First attested in the early 17<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − # {{context|legal}} Complete; unconditional; final; without [[encumbrances]]. + # {{philosophy}} Existing, able to be thought of, or able to be viewed without relation to other things.{{defdate|First attested in the late 18<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − # Total.   − # [[direct|Direct]], as in a [[democracy]].   − # Viewed apart from [[modifying]] influences or without comparison with other objects; actual; real; — opposed to ''relative'' and ''comparative''.     #: '''''absolute''' motion''   #: '''''absolute''' motion''   #: '''''absolute''' time or space''   #: '''''absolute''' time or space'' Line 46: Line 46:   #* {{rfdate}} [[w:Elizabeth Barrett Browning|Elizabeth Barrett Browning]]:   #* {{rfdate}} [[w:Elizabeth Barrett Browning|Elizabeth Barrett Browning]]:   #*: The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head, With ''absolute'' forefinger, brown and ringed.   #*: The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head, With ''absolute'' forefinger, brown and ringed. − # Fundamental; [[intrinsic]]; [[ultimate]]; [[self-contained]] and [[self-sufficient]]; free from the variability and error natural to human perception and thought. + # {{philosophy}} Fundamental; ultimate; intrinsic; free from the variability and error natural to the human way of thinking and perception.{{defdate|First attested in the late 18<sup>th</sup> century.}}<ref name=SOED/> − # Concerned entirely with expressing beauty and feelings, lacking meaningful reference. + # {{physics}} Independent of arbitrary units of measurement not comparative or [[relative]] as, − # {{context|dance}} Utilizing the body to express ideas, independent of music and costumes. + ## having reference to or derived from the simplest manner from the fundamental units of mass, time, and length.   + ## relating to the absolute temperature scale.   + # {{context|legal}} Complete; unconditional; final; without [[encumbrances]]; not liable to change or cancellation.   + # {{education}} Pertaining to a grading system based on the knowledge of the individual and not on the comparative knowledge of the group of students.   + # {{art}} Concerned entirely with expressing beauty and feelings, lacking meaningful reference.   + # {{dance}} Utilizing the body to express ideas, independent of music and costumes.   + # {{math}} Indicating an expression that is true for all [[real number]]; unconditional.       ====Synonyms====   ====Synonyms====

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