| cry May 2nd 2012, 17:31 Undo revision 16758250 by Pikkuss (talk). You broke all the formatting, also what is this reliable source? | ← Older revision | Revision as of 17:31, 2 May 2012 | | Line 8: | Line 8: | | | | | | | | ===Etymology=== | | ===Etymology=== | | − | early 13c., "beg, implore," from O.Fr. crier, from V.L. *critare, from L. quiritare "to wail, shriek" (cf. It. gridare, O.Sp. cridar, Sp., Port. gritar), of uncertain origin; perhaps a variant of quirritare "to squeal like a pig," from *quis, echoic of squealing, despite ancient folk etymology that traces it to "call for the help of the Quirites," the Roman constabulary. The meaning was extended 13c. to weep, which it largely replaced by 16c. As a noun from late 13c. Most languages, like English, use the general word for "cry out, shout, wail" to also mean "weep, shed tears to express pain or grief." Romance and Slavic, however, use words for this whose ultimate meaning is "beat (the breast)," cf. Fr. pleurer, Sp. llorar, both from L. plorare "cry aloud," but probably originally plodere "beat, clap the hands." Also It. piangere (cognate with Fr. plaindre "lament, pity") from L. plangere, originally "beat," but especially of the breast, as a sign of grief. U.S. colloquial for crying out loud is 1924, probably another euphemism for for Christ's sake. | + | From {{etyl|enm}} {{term|crien||to cry out, shout, proclaim|lang=enm}}, from {{etyl|fro}} {{term|crier||to announce publicly, scream, shout|lang=fro}}, from {{etyl|ML.}} {{term|cridare|crīdāre|to cry out, shout, proclaim|lang=la}}, of {{etyl|gem}} origin, from {{etyl|frk}} *{{term||krītan|to cry, cry out, publish|lang=frk}}, {{etyl|got}} {{term|𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌽||tr=crīten, kreiten|to cry, scream, call out|lang=got}}, both from {{proto|Germanic|krītanan|to cry out, shout|lang=en}}, from {{proto|Indo-European|greid-|to shout|lang=en}}. Cognate with {{etyl|dum|-}} {{term|criten|crīten||lang=osx}} ({{etyl|nl|-}} {{term|krijten|||lang=nl}} "to cry"), {{etyl|gml|-}} {{term|kriten|krīten|to cry, call out, shriek|lang=ang}}, {{etyl|gmh|-}} {{term|krizen|krīzen|to cry loudly, wail, groan|lang=gmh|tr={{etyl|de|-}} {{term|kreissen|lang=de}}}}. Compare also to {{etyl|oc|-}} {{term|cridar|||lang=oc}}, {{etyl|it|-}} {{term|gridare|||lang=it}}, {{etyl|osp|-}} {{term|cridar|||lang=osp}} ({{etyl|es|-}} {{term|gritar|||lang=es}}). Cognate with {{etyl|mga|-}} {{term|grith||a cry|lang=mga}}, {{etyl|cy|-}} {{term|gryd||a scream|lang=cy}}. | | − | <ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=cry&searchmode=none etymonline]</ref> | + | | | | + | {{rel-top|etymology note}} | | | + | Alternate etymology connects the {{etyl|ML.|-}} word to {{etyl|la|-}} {{term|queri||to complain|lang=la}} through the form {{term|quiritare||to wail, shriek|lang=la}}, though the phonetic and semantic developments are difficult to explain (''cridare'' meant "shout, yell, proclaim", not "complain, lament, wail"). Compare also Sanskrit ''cvas'' "to [[pant]]", "[[hiss]]", "[[sigh]]"; English ''[[quarrel]]'' a brawl, ''[[querulous]]''. | | | + | | | | + | {{enm}} {{term|crien|||lang=enm}} displaced native [[Middle English]] {{term|galen||to cry out|lang=enm}} (from [[Old English]] {{term|galan||lang=ang}}), [[Middle English]] {{term|greden||to cry out|lang=enm}} (from [[Old English]] {{term|grædan|grǣdan|sc=Latinx|lang=ang}}), [[Middle English]] {{term|yermen||to bellow, mourn, lament|lang=enm}} (from [[Old English]] {{term|gierman|ġierman|lang=ang}}), [[Middle English]] {{term|hoen|hooen, hoen|to cry out|lang=enm}} (from Old Norse {{term|hoa|hōa|lang=non}}), [[Middle English]] {{term|remen||to cry, shout|lang=enm}} (from [[Old English]] {{term|hrieman|hrīeman|lang=ang}}, compare [[Old English]] {{term|hream|hrēam|noise, outcry, lamentation, alarm|lang=ang}}), [[Middle English]] {{term|gretan|greten, graten|to weep, cry, lament|lang=enm}} (from [[Old English]] {{term|grætan|grǣtan|sc=Latinx|lang=ang}} and Old Norse {{term|grata|grāta|lang=non}}). More at [[greet]], [[regret]]. | | | + | {{rel-bottom}} | | | | | | | | ===Verb=== | | ===Verb=== | | Line 47: | Line 47: | | | * Afrikaans: {{t-|af|huil|xs=Afrikaans}} | | * Afrikaans: {{t-|af|huil|xs=Afrikaans}} | | | * Aleut: [[qida]] | | * Aleut: [[qida]] | | − | * Arabic: {{t|ar|بكى|tr=bakaa}}, {{t|ar|يبكي|tr=yabkii}} (''present tense'') | + | * Arabic: {{t|ar|بكى|tr=bakaa}}, {{t|ar|يبكي|tr=yabkii}} {{qualifier|present tense}} | | | * Armenian: {{t|hy|լալ|tr=lal|sc=Armn}}, {{t|hy|լաց լինել|tr=lac' linel|sc=Armn}} | | * Armenian: {{t|hy|լալ|tr=lal|sc=Armn}}, {{t|hy|լաց լինել|tr=lac' linel|sc=Armn}} | | | * Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|плача|tr=pláča}} | | * Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|плача|tr=pláča}} | | Line 106: | Line 106: | | | * Swahili: {{t+|sw|kiliyo|xs=Swahili}} | | * Swahili: {{t+|sw|kiliyo|xs=Swahili}} | | | * Swedish: {{t|sv|gråta}} | | * Swedish: {{t|sv|gråta}} | | − | * Tamil: {{t|ta|அழு |tr=azhu|sc=Taml}} | + | * Tamil: {{t|ta|அழு|tr=azhu|sc=Taml}} | | | * Thai: {{t-|th|ร้องไห้}} (róng-hâi), {{t+|th|ร่ำไห้}} (râm-hâi) | | * Thai: {{t-|th|ร้องไห้}} (róng-hâi), {{t+|th|ร่ำไห้}} (râm-hâi) | | | * Tok Pisin: {{t|tpi|karai}} | | * Tok Pisin: {{t|tpi|karai}} | | Line 121: | Line 121: | | | {{trans-top|intransitive: to shout, scream, yell}} | | {{trans-top|intransitive: to shout, scream, yell}} | | | * Afrikaans: {{t|af|skreeu|xs=Afrikaans}} | | * Afrikaans: {{t|af|skreeu|xs=Afrikaans}} | | − | * Arabic: {{t|ar|صاح|tr=SaaHa}}, {{t|ar|يصيح|tr=yaSiiH}} (''present tense'') | + | * Arabic: {{t|ar|صاح|tr=SaaHa}}, {{t|ar|يصيح|tr=yaSiiH}} {{qualifier|present tense}} | | | * Armenian: {{t-|hy|գոռալ|tr=goṙal}} | | * Armenian: {{t-|hy|գոռալ|tr=goṙal}} | | | * Bulgarian: {{t|bg|рева}}, {{t|bg|крещя}} | | * Bulgarian: {{t|bg|рева}}, {{t|bg|крещя}} | | Line 245: | Line 245: | | | {{trans-mid}} | | {{trans-mid}} | | | * Kurdish: {{ku-Arab|[[هاوار]]}} | | * Kurdish: {{ku-Arab|[[هاوار]]}} | | − | * Latvian: {{t|lv| kliedziens|m}}, {{t|lv| sauciens|m}} | + | * Latvian: {{t|lv|kliedziens|m}}, {{t|lv|sauciens|m}} | | | * Lithuanian: {{t|lt|riksmas|m}}, {{t|lt|šūksmas|m}} | | * Lithuanian: {{t|lt|riksmas|m}}, {{t|lt|šūksmas|m}} | | | * Luxembourgish: {{t|lb|Kreesch|m}} | | * Luxembourgish: {{t|lb|Kreesch|m}} | | Line 378: | Line 378: | | | [[vi:cry]] | | [[vi:cry]] | | | [[zh:cry]] | | [[zh:cry]] | | − | | | | − | | | | − | | | | − | ==References== | | | − | <references/> | | | |
沒有留言:
張貼留言